减轻劳动的疼痛

Your pain relief options

劳动可能会很痛苦 - 它可以帮助您了解您缓解痛苦的所有方式。

对于在您的工作期间与您在一起的任何人都可以了解不同的选择以及他们如何为您提供支持，这也很有帮助。

请您的助产士或医生解释可用的内容，以便您可以确定最适合自己的东西。

Write down your wishes in your birth plan, but remember you need to keep an open mind. You may find you want more pain relief than you'd planned, or your doctor or midwife may suggest more effective pain relief to help the delivery.

劳动中的自助

如果您的劳动力，您可能会感到更加放松，并且可以更好地应对疼痛：

• learn about labour- 这会使您对将会发生的事情感到更加控制，也不会感到恐惧；与您的助产士或医生交谈，问他们问题，然后去产前类
• learn how to relax, stay calm and breathe deeply
• keep moving – your position can make a difference, so try kneeling, walking around, or rocking backwards and forwards
• 带上伴侣，朋友或亲戚在分娩过程中支持您，但是如果您没有伴侣，请不要担心 - 您的助产士会给您所有您需要的支持
• ask your partner to massage you – although you may find you do not want to be touched
• have a bath

煤气和空气（ENTONOX）

这是氧气和一氧化二氮气的混合物。气体和空气不会消除所有疼痛，但可以帮助减少它并使其更容易忍受。它易于使用，您可以自己控制。

您可以通过面具或烟嘴在气体和空气中呼吸。气体需要大约15-20秒才能工作，因此您可以在收缩开始时将其呼吸。如果您深呼吸缓慢，它最好。

副作用

• there are no harmful side effects for you or the baby
• 它会让您感到头晕，生病，困倦或无法集中注意力，但是如果发生这种情况，您可以停止使用它

如果气体和空气不能缓解足够的疼痛，您也可以要求注射止痛。

甲丁胺的劳动注射

This is an injection of a medicine called pethidine into your thigh or buttock to relieve pain. It can also help you to relax. Sometimes, less commonly, a medicine called diamorphine is used.

It takes about 20 minutes to work after the injection. The effects last between 2 and 4 hours, so would not be recommended if you're getting close to the pushing (second) stage of labour.

副作用

There are some side effects to be aware of:

• 它会让您感到昏昏欲睡，生病和健忘
• 如果给出丙氨酸或二氨基氨或二氨丁，它们可能会影响婴儿的呼吸 - 如果发生这种情况，另一种扭转效果的药物将被给予
• these medicines can interfere with the baby's first feed

雷依芬太尼

雷依芬太尼goes into a vein in your arm. You control it yourself by pushing a button.

它很快工作，几分钟后磨损。您可以使用它，直到宝宝出生为止。

You’ll need a small clip on your finger to measure your oxygen levels, as remifentanil can make you feel breathless or need oxygen.

副作用

Remifentanil可以使您感到困倦，生病，头晕或发痒。一旦您停止服药，这些就停止了。

像吡啶定一样，瑞芬太尼会影响婴儿的呼吸，但这通常会很快消失。

硬膜外

An硬膜外is a type of局部麻醉. It numbs the nerves that carry the pain impulses from the birth canal to the brain. It should not make you sick or drowsy.

在大多数情况下，硬膜外可完全缓解疼痛。如果您的劳动漫长或特别痛苦，可能会有所帮助。

An anaesthetist is the only person who can give an epidural, so it will not be available at home. If you think you might want one, check whether anaesthetists are always available at your hospital.

硬膜外麻醉后可以移动腿部多少，取决于所用的局部麻醉剂。一些医院提供“移动”硬膜外术，这意味着您可以四处走动。

但是，这也要求婴儿的心率远程监测（通过遥测），许多医院没有设备来执行此操作。询问您的助产士是否可以在当地医院使用移动硬膜外麻醉。

An epidural can provide very good pain relief, but it's not always 100% effective in labour. The Obstetric Anaesthetists Association estimates that 1 in 10 who have an epidural during labour need to use other methods of pain relief.

How does an epidural work?

To have an epidural:

• a drip will run fluid through a needle into a vein in your arm
• 当您躺在身边或坐在卷曲的位置上时，麻醉师会用防腐剂清洁您的背部，麻木的小区域，并用一些局部麻醉剂，然后将针头引入您的背部
• 一根非常细的管将通过针头穿过您的背部，在神经附近，带有子宫的疼痛冲动。药物（通常是局部麻醉和阿片类药物的混合物）通过该管施用。设置硬膜外大约需要10分钟，然后再工作10-15分钟。起初它并不总是完美地工作，可能需要调整
• the epidural can be topped up by your midwife, or you may be able to top up the epidural yourself through a machine
• 您的收缩和婴儿的心率将需要不断监测。这意味着在您的腹部周围有一条皮带，并可能连接到婴儿头上的夹子

副作用of epidurals in labour

有一些副作用需要注意。

硬膜外麻醉可能使您的腿感到沉重，具体取决于局部麻醉剂。

Your blood pressure can drop (hypotension), but this is rare because the fluid given through the drip in your arm helps to maintain good blood pressure.

硬尿可以延长第二阶段的劳动。如果您再也无法感受到您的收缩，那么助产士将不得不告诉您何时推动。这意味着可能需要镊子或通道来帮助分娩婴儿(instrumental delivery).

When you have an epidural, your midwife or doctor will wait longer for the baby's head to come down (before you start pushing), as long as the baby is showing no signs of distress. This reduces the chance you'll need an instrumental delivery. Sometimes less anaesthetic is given towards the end, so the effect wears off and you can feel to push the baby out naturally.

You may find it difficult to pee as a result of the epidural. If so, a small tube called a catheter may be put into your bladder to help you.

硬膜外麻醉后您可能会头疼。这发生在大约100例中的大约1个，可以治疗。

Your back might be a bit sore for a day or two, but epidurals do not cause long-term backache.

You may feel tingles or pins and needles down one leg after having a baby. This happens in about 1 in 2,000 cases. This is more likely to be the result of childbirth itself rather than the epidural. You'll be advised by the doctor or midwife when you can get out of bed.

阅读有关利弊的更多信息硬膜生素.

在人工中使用水（水生）

Being in water can help you relax and make the contractions seem less painful. Ask if you can have a bath or use a birth pool. The water will be kept at a comfortable temperature, but not above 37.5C, and your temperature will be monitored.

国家分娩信托具有有关在分娩和出生期间使用水.

十machines

这代表经牙性电神经刺激。一些医院有数十个机器。如果没有，您可以租用自己的机器。

当收缩变得更长，更强和更频繁时，尚未证明在劳动的积极阶段有效。在您可能患有下背部疼痛的时候，这可能是最有效的。

当您在劳动的早期阶段或打算在家中分娩时，TENS也可能很有用。如果您对Tens感兴趣，请在怀孕的后期学习如何使用它。请您的助产士向您展示它是如何工作的。

How TENS machines work

Electrodes are taped on to your back and connected by wires to a small battery-powered stimulator. Holding this, you give yourself small, safe amounts of current through the electrodes. You can move around while you use TENS.

据信，TENS可以通过刺激身体产生更多的自然止痛药（称为内啡肽）来起作用。它还减少了通过脊髓发送到大脑的疼痛信号的数量。

t

您或婴儿都没有已知的副作用。

Read more about十.

Alternative methods of labour pain relief

You may choose alternative treatments such as acupuncture, aromatherapy, homeopathy, hypnosis, massage and reflexology. Most of these techniques are not proven to provide effective pain relief.

If you'd like to use any of these methods, it's important to discuss them with your midwife or doctor and let the hospital know beforehand. Most hospitals do not offer them for pain relief during labour.

If you want to try any of these techniques, make sure the practitioner is properly trained and experienced. Learn more aboutcomplementary and alternative medicinesand how they're regulated.

寻找maternity services near you.