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Intrauterine system (IUS)-Your contraception guide

IUS是一种小型T形塑料设备,由医生或护士放入子宫(子宫)。

它释放了激素孕激素,以阻止您怀孕并持续3至5年,具体取决于品牌。

At a glance: facts about the IUS

  • When inserted correctly, it's more than 99% effective.
  • 可以随时由经过特殊训练的医生或护士取出。删除后可以直接怀孕。
  • 它可以使您的周期更轻,更短或完全停止,因此可以帮助患有沉重或痛苦的人。
  • 不能使用合并避孕药的人(例如合并的药丸),例如那些患有偏头痛的人。
  • IUS到位后,您就不必考虑它。
  • 有些人可能会遇到副作用,例如情绪波动,皮肤问题或乳房压痛。
  • 安装后感染的风险很小。
  • It can be uncomfortable when the IUS is put in, but you can take painkillers after, if you need to.
  • 只要您没有怀孕,就可以在每月的月经周期中的任何时间安装IUS。
  • The IUS does not protect againstsexually transmitted infections (STIs),,,,so you may need to use condoms as well.

How it works

The IUS is similar to the宫内装置(IUD),但它没有像宫内节育器那样释放铜,而是将激素孕激素释放到子宫中。

它使宫颈粘液变稠,这使得精子更难穿过子宫颈,并将子宫衬里变细,因此鸡蛋不太可能植入本身。

对于某些人来说,它也可以防止每月释放鸡蛋(排卵),但大多数人继续排卵。

如果您安装了IUS时45岁或以上,则可以将其留在更年期之前,或者不再需要避孕。

Having an IUS fitted

只要您没有怀孕,就可以在月经周期中随时安装IUS。

如果在周期的前7天安装,您将立即保护怀孕。

If it's fitted at any other time, use additional contraception, such as condoms, for 7 days afterwards.

Before your IUS is fitted, a GP or nurse will check inside your vagina to check the position and size of your womb.

您可能会对任何现有感染(例如性传播感染)进行测试,并接受抗生素。

约会大约需要15到20分钟,安装IUS不得超过5分钟:

安装ius可能会感到不舒服,有些人可能会觉得很痛苦,但是您可以有局部麻醉剂来帮助。事先与您的全科医生或护士讨论。

Let the person fitting your IUS know if you feel any pain or discomfort while you are having it fitted. You can ask to stop at any time.

You can also take painkillers after having an IUS fitted if you need to.

You may also get period-type cramps afterwards, but painkillers can ease the cramps.

Once your IUS is fitted, you may be advised to get it checked by a GP after 3 to 6 weeks to make sure everything is fine.

告诉全科医生在此初次检查后是否遇到任何问题,还是要将其删除。

如果您或您的伴侣有患病的危险,请参阅GP,因为这可能导致骨盆中的感染。

You may have an infection if you have:

  • 下腹部的疼痛或压痛
  • 高温
  • abnormal or smelly discharge

如何判断它是否仍在

An IUS has 2 thin threads that hang down a little way from your womb into the top of your vagina.

适合您的IUS的GP或护士将教您如何对这些线程感受,并检查IUS是否仍然存在。

检查您的IUS在第一个月几次,然后在每个周期后定期进行几次。

您的ius不太可能出来,但是如果您无法感觉到线程或认为它被感动,则可能不会受到保护。

立即查看GP或护士,并使用其他避孕药(例如避孕套),直到检查您的IUS。

如果您最近做爱,您可能需要紧急避孕

您的伴侣在性生活中应该无法感受到您的ius。如果可以的话,请查看GP或护士进行检查。

Removing an IUS

Your IUS can be removed at any time by a trained doctor or nurse.

如果您没有另一个IUS放入并不想怀孕,请在将其删除之前使用其他避孕药,例如避孕套。

一旦IUS被取出,就有可能立即怀孕。

Who can use an IUS?

Most people with a womb can use an IUS. A GP or nurse will ask about your medical history to check if an IUS is suitable contraception for you.

The IUS may not be suitable if you have:

Using an IUS after giving birth

An IUS can usually be fitted from 4 weeks after giving birth (vaginal or caesarean). You'll need to use alternative contraception after the birth until the IUS is put in.

在某些情况下,可以在分娩后48小时内安装IUS。母乳喂养时使用IUS是安全的,并且不会影响您的牛奶供应。

Using an IUS after a miscarriage or abortion

堕胎或流产后,经验丰富的GP或护士可以安装IUS。您将立即保护您免于怀孕。

IUS的优点和缺点

好处:

  • 根据品牌,它工作了5年或3年。
  • 这是英国可用的最有效的避孕形式之一。
  • 它不会中断性。
  • 您的时期可能会变得更轻,较短且减轻痛苦 - 使用第一年后,它们可能会完全停止。
  • It's safe to use an IUS if you're breastfeeding.
  • 它不受其他药物的影响。
  • 如果您不能服用在组合避孕药中使用的激素雌激素,这可能是一个不错的选择。
  • 一旦IUS删除,就有可能立即怀孕。
  • There's no evidence that an IUS will increase the risk of宫颈癌,,,,子宫(子宫)癌症或者卵巢癌

Disadvantages:

  • 您的周期可能会变得不规则或完全停止,这可能不适合某些人。
  • 有些人在安装IUS后会感到头痛,痤疮和乳房压痛,但通常会随着时间的流逝而解决。
  • Some people experience changes in mood.
  • IUS的一个不常见的副作用是,有些人可以在卵巢上发展小液体囊肿 - 这些囊肿通常在没有治疗的情况下消失。
  • An IUS does not protect you against STIs, so you may need to use condoms as well.
  • 如果您在安装IUS时感染了感染,则如果不治疗,它可能会导致骨盆感染。
  • 大多数停止使用IUS的人是因为阴道出血和疼痛,尽管这不太常见。

ius的风险

骨盆感染

在IUS插入后的最初几周,有很小的机会有可能感染骨盆感染。

可能建议您在安装IUS之前对任何现有感染进行检查。

如果您已经安装了IUS,请查看GP:您:

  • 在下腹部有疼痛或压痛
  • 高温
  • have abnormal or smelly discharge

Rejection

很可能会被子宫拒绝(驱逐)或可以移动(位移)。

If this happens, it's usually soon after it's been fitted. You'll be taught how to check that your IUS is in place.

损坏子宫

In rare cases, an IUS can make a hole in the womb when it's put in. This may be painful, although there may not be any symptoms.

如果适合您的IUS的GP或护士,风险将极低。

如果您安装了IUS,请立即查看GP,并且您:

  • have pain in your lower abdomen
  • 无法感觉到您的ius线程
  • have changes in bleeding

You may need surgery to remove the IUS.

Ectopic pregnancy

如果IUS失败并且您怀孕了,那么异位妊娠

Where to get the IUS

You can get the IUS for free, even if you're under 16, from:

  • 避孕诊所
  • 性健康或生殖医学(GUM)诊所
  • GP surgeries
  • 一些年轻人的服务

Find a sexual health clinic

在冠状病毒期间获得避孕

If you need contraception, call your GP surgery or a性健康诊所as soon as possible. Only go in person if asked to.

目前不可能安装或更换IUS。

Most IUSs can be left in and will continue to work for up to 6 years. But if you have a low-dose IUS, it’s unlikely to work after:

  • 5 years, for Kyleena
  • 3年,为Jaydess

If your low-dose IUS is due to be replaced and you do not want to get pregnant, use condoms or the progestogen-only pill for now.

如果您不到16岁

Contraception services are free and confidential, including for people under the age of 16.

如果您不到16岁并且想要避孕,医生,护士或药剂师就不会告诉父母或护理人员,只要他们相信您完全了解所提供的信息和您的决定。

与16岁以下的人打交道时,医生和护士在严格的指导下工作。他们会鼓励您考虑告诉父母,但他们不会使您成为您。

The only time a professional might want to tell someone else is if they believe you're at risk of harm, such as abuse. The risk would need to be serious, and they would usually discuss this with you first.

Page last reviewed: 1 April 2021
Next review due: 1 April 2024