避孕注射-Your contraception guide

避孕注射(Depo-Provera, Sayana Press or Noristerat) releases the hormone progestogen into your bloodstream to prevent pregnancy.

Depo-Provera is most commonly given in the UK and lasts for 13 weeks. Occasionally, Noristerat may be given, which lasts for 8 weeks.

Sayana Press also lasts for 13 weeks, but it's a newer type of injection so is not available at all clinics or GP surgeries.

At a glance: the contraceptive injection

• 如果正确使用，避孕注射效率超过99％。
• It lasts for 8 or 13 weeks (depending on which injection you have) so you do not have to think about contraception every day or every time you have sex during this period.
• It's very useful for women who find it difficult to remember to take a pill at the same time every day.
• It does require you to remember to have a repeat injection before it expires or becomes ineffective.
• It can be useful for women who cannot use contraception that contains oestrogen.
• 它不受其他药物的影响。
• Side effects can include weight gain, headaches, mood swings, breast tenderness and irregular bleeding.
• 您的周期可能会变得更加不规则，重，更短，更轻或完全停止。
• 注射磨损后，您的生育能力最多需要1年才能恢复正常，因此，如果您想在不久的将来生孩子，则可能不合适。
• It does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), so you may need to use condoms as well.

怎么运行的

避孕注射会稳定地释放出血液中的激素孕激素，从而阻止每月释放卵（排卵）。

It also thickens the cervical mucus, which makes it difficult for sperm to move through the cervix, and thins the lining of the womb so a fertilised egg is less likely to implant itself.

You usually have the Depo-Provera and Noristerat injections in your bottom, but you can have them in your upper arm.

您可以在肚子（腹部）或大腿上注射Sayana新闻注射，通常会学会自己做。

When it starts to work

You can have the injection at any time during your menstrual cycle, as long as you're not pregnant.

如果您在月经周期的前5天内注射，您将立即保护您免怀孕。

如果您在周期的任何其他一天都注射过，则需要使用其他避孕药（例如避孕套）7天。

分娩后

如果您不母乳喂养，则可以在分娩后任何时候进行避孕注射。如果您要母乳喂养，通常会在6周后注射。

• 如果您在分娩后的第21天或之前开始注射，您将立即受到保护。
• 如果您在第21天后开始注射，则需要在接下来的7天内使用其他避孕药，例如避孕套。

You're more likely to have heavy and irregular bleeding if you have the injection during the first few weeks after giving birth.

母乳喂养时，可以安全地使用避孕药。

流产或流产后

您可以在流产或流产后立即注射，并立即保护怀孕。

If you have the injection more than 5 days after a miscarriage or abortion, you'll need to use additional contraception, such as condoms, for the next 7 days.

Who can use the injection?

Most women can have a contraceptive injection.

但是，如果您：

• think you might be pregnant
• do not want your periods to change
• 想在明年生一个孩子
• have unexplained bleeding in between periods or after sex
• have arterial disease or a history of心脏病或者中风
• have肝病
• have乳腺癌或过去曾经有过
• are at risk of骨质疏松症

Advantages and disadvantages of the injection

Advantages:

• 每次注射持续8或13周
• 它不会打断性爱
• it's an option if you can't use oestrogen-based contraception
• 您不必记得每天服用药丸
• it's safe to use while you're breastfeeding
• it's not affected by other medicines
• 它可能会减少沉重，痛苦的时期，并为某些女性提供帮助的症状

Disadvantages:

• your periods may change and become irregular, heavier, shorter, lighter or stop altogether – this can carry on for some months after you stop the injections
• it does not protect you against STIs
• 在您的期间恢复正常之前，最多可能会延迟1年，您可以怀孕
• some people may put on weight when they use Depo-Provera or Sayana Press contraceptive injections
• you may experience side effects like headaches, acne, hair loss, decreased sex drive and mood swings
• 任何副作用都可以持续到注射持续（8或13周），并且在一段时间后持续

风险

There's a small risk of infection at the site of the injection. In very rare cases, some people may have an allergic reaction to the injection.

使用depo-provera会影响您的天然雌激素水平，这可能会导致骨骼变薄，但不会增加您断骨的风险。

对于大多数女性来说，这不是问题，因为当您停止注射时骨骼会替代自身，并且似乎不会引起任何长期问题。

Sometimes the doctor may recommend that you stop after 2 years so there's no long-term effect on your bones.

你可以得到它的地方

即使您16岁以下，您也可以免费获得避孕药注射。

• 避孕诊所
• 性健康或生殖医学（GUM）诊所
• GP surgeries
• 一些年轻人的服务

Find a sexual health clinic.

Sayana Press is a new form of Depo-Provera and is available in some clinics.

它的工作方式及其对您的身体的影响非常类似于Depo-Provera。

但是您会被教导如何给自己注射，而不是让医生或护士给您。

如果您不到16岁

Contraception services are free and confidential, including for people under the age of 16.

如果您不到16岁并且想要避孕，医生，护士或药剂师就不会告诉父母（或护理人员），只要他们相信您完全了解所提供的信息以及您的决定。

与16岁以下的人打交道时，医生和护士在严格的指导下工作。他们会鼓励您考虑告诉父母，但他们不会使您成为您。

专业人士可能想告诉别人的唯一一次是他们是否认为您有伤害风险，例如虐待。

The risk would need to be serious, and they would usually discuss this with you first.